Istilah Umum Serial pada Pemrograman Arduino

Istilah Umum Serial

• Serial.begin(nilai baudrate)

Serial.begin digunakan untuk menentukan kecepatan dan penerimaan data melalui port serial. Kecepatan yang umumnya digunakan adalah 9600 bit per detik (9600 bps).

• Serial.end()

Serial.end digunakan untuk menghentikan program yang akan diperintah oleh komunikasi serial.

• Serial.available()

Serial.available berguna untuk menghasilkan jumlah byte di port serial yang belum terbaca. Jika port serial datanya sedang kosong, fungsi ini bakal ngehasilin nol atau datanya tidak bisa terbaca lagi.

• Serial.read()

Serial.read berguna untuk membaca satu byte data yang terdapat di port serial. Setelah pemanggilan Serial.read(), jumlah data di port serial berkurang satu.

• Serial.print(data)

Serial.print digunakan untuk mengirimkan data ke port serial. Jika datanya kita masukkan ke port serial, maka yang dikirim akan menyesuaikan format tersebut. Dalam hal ini, format yang digunakan bisa berupa bilangan, character, string.

• Serial.flush()

Serial.flush digunakan untuk pengosongan data pembacaan pada buffer.

• Serial.parseFloat()

Serial.parseFloat berfungsi untuk bilangan titik mengambang atau real.

• Serial.println(data)

Seria.println memiliki fungsi yang hampir sama dengan serial print. Bedanya, setelah data dicetak, selanjutnya data akan di print di garis baru dan letaknya dibawah data terakhir (seperti newline).

• Serial.parseln()

Serial.parseln digunakan untuk menghasilkan nilai bulat.

Arduino Mega Pin Config

Arduino Mega Pin Config

Contoh program Modbus TCP Slave

4. Contoh program Modbus TCP Slave

#include <SPI.h>

#include <Ethernet.h>

#include <ModbusIP.h>

IPAddress ip(192,168,1,177);

ModbusIP mb;

void setup()

{

  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip);

  Serial.begin(9600);

  mb.server();

  mb.addCoil(0, true);

  mb.addHreg(0, 1234);

}

void loop()

{

  mb.task();

}

Contoh program Modbus TCP Master

3. Contoh program Modbus TCP Master

#include <SPI.h>

#include <Ethernet.h>

#include <ModbusIP.h>

IPAddress server(192, 168, 1, 177);

EthernetClient client;

ModbusIP mb;

void setup()

{

  Ethernet.begin(mac);

  Serial.begin(9600);

  mb.client();

  if (!client.connect(server, 502))

  {

    Serial.println("Connection failed.");

    return;

  }

}

void loop()

{

  uint16_t data[6];

  int result = mb.readInputRegisters(1, 0, 6, data);

  if (result == mb.ku8MBSuccess)

  {

    Serial.print("Humidity: ");

    Serial.print(data[0]);

    Serial.print(" %\t Temperature: ");

    Serial.print(data[1]);

    Serial.println(" °C");

  }

  else

  {

    Serial.print("Error: ");

    Serial.println(mb.lastError());

  }

  delay(1000);

}

Contoh program Modbus RTU Slave

2. Contoh program Modbus RTU Slave

#include <ModbusSlave.h>

ModbusSlave node;

void setup()

{

  Serial.begin(9600);

  node.begin(1, Serial);

}

void loop()

{

  node.poll();

  uint8_t coilData[1] = {1};

  node.addCoil(0, true, 1);

  node.addDiscreteInput(0, false, 1);

  node.addHreg(0, 1234, 1);

  node.addIreg(0, -1234, 1);

  delay(100);

}

Contoh program Modbus RTU Master

1. Contoh program Modbus RTU Master

#include <ModbusMaster.h>

#define MAX485_DE      3

#define MAX485_RE_NEG  2

ModbusMaster node;

void preTransmission()

{

  digitalWrite(MAX485_RE_NEG, 1);

  digitalWrite(MAX485_DE, 1);

}

void postTransmission()

{

  digitalWrite(MAX485_RE_NEG, 0);

  digitalWrite(MAX485_DE, 0);

}

void setup()

{

  pinMode(MAX485_RE_NEG, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(MAX485_DE, OUTPUT);

  digitalWrite(MAX485_RE_NEG, 0);

  digitalWrite(MAX485_DE, 0);

  Serial.begin(9600);

  node.begin(1, Serial);

  node.preTransmission(preTransmission);

  node.postTransmission(postTransmission);

}

void loop()

{

  uint8_t result;

  uint16_t data[6];

  result = node.readInputRegisters(0, 6);

  if (result == node.ku8MBSuccess)

  {

    Serial.print("Humidity: ");

    Serial.print(data[0]);

    Serial.print(" %\t Temperature: ");

    Serial.print(data[1]);

    Serial.println(" °C");

  }

  else

  {

    Serial.print("Error: ");

    Serial.println(node.strError(result));

  }

  delay(1000);

}

Arduino Modbus master slave (1 master - 2 slave)

Berikut contoh program Arduino Modbus 1 master 2 slave yang dapat Anda gunakan sebagai referensi:

Master

#include <ModbusMaster.h>

// instantiate ModbusMaster object

ModbusMaster node;

void setup()

{

  Serial.begin(9600);

  

  // initialize Modbus communication parameters

  node.begin(1, Serial);

  node.setSlaveId(1);

}

void loop()

{

  uint8_t result;

  uint16_t data;

  // read data from slave 1

  result = node.readHoldingRegisters(0, 1);

  if (result == node.ku8MBSuccess) {

    data = node.getResponseBuffer(0);

    Serial.println("Data from slave 1: " + String(data));

  }

  else {

    Serial.println("Error reading data from slave 1");

  }

  // read data from slave 2

  result = node.readHoldingRegisters(1, 1);

  if (result == node.ku8MBSuccess) {

    data = node.getResponseBuffer(0);

    Serial.println("Data from slave 2: " + String(data));

  }

  else {

    Serial.println("Error reading data from slave 2");

  }

  

  delay(1000);

}

Slave #1

#include <ModbusSlave.h>

// instantiate ModbusSlave object

ModbusSlave node;

void setup()

{

  Serial.begin(9600);

  

  // initialize Modbus communication parameters

  node.begin(1, Serial);

  

  // set slave address

  node.setSlaveId(1);

  

  // set holding register data

  node.setHreg(0, 123);

}

void loop()

{

  // handle Modbus communication

  node.poll();

}

Slave #2

#include <ModbusSlave.h>

// instantiate ModbusSlave object

ModbusSlave node;

void setup()

{

  Serial.begin(9600);

  

  // initialize Modbus communication parameters

  node.begin(1, Serial);

  

  // set slave address

  node.setSlaveId(2);

  

  // set holding register data

  node.setHreg(1, 456);

}

void loop()

{

  // handle Modbus communication

  node.poll();

}

Pastikan untuk menghubungkan modul Modbus ke Arduino dengan benar dan sesuai dengan skema yang digunakan. Selain itu, pastikan juga bahwa setiap slave memiliki alamat yang berbeda dan komunikasi Modbus berjalan dengan benar.

Interface and display KLK

Interface

//sketch created by WahyuCF 2021
/*
 * Serial1 TX=PIN18 RX=PIN19
 */
#include <Wire.h> 
#include <EEPROM.h>

  int myInts[6];
  int myPins[43] =       {A0, A2, A4, A6, A8, A10, A14, A1, A3, A5, A7, A9, A11, A15, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 22, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17};
  int mySensVals[43] =   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};


int count = 0;
int count1= 0;
int JmlLine = 43;
int timer = 100;
int timer1 = 900;
int timer2 = 100;
int a=0;
char str[16];
int id;
int idS;
int idS1=0;



bool valTot = HIGH;      // variable to store the read value



unsigned long interval=500; // the time we need to wait
unsigned long previousMillis=0; // millis() returns an unsigned long.


void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial2.begin(9600);
Serial.println("System Started");
delay(5000); 
for (count=0;count<JmlLine;count++) {
    pinMode(myPins[count], INPUT);  
    digitalWrite(myPins[count], HIGH);
    }
      pinMode(13, OUTPUT);    // sets the digital pin 13 as output
      digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // sets the digital pin 13 off 
    
      CodeOn();

}

void CodeOn(){  
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH); 
  delay(200);            
  digitalWrite(13 , LOW);    
  }
  
void CodeOn1(){  
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH); 
  delay(100);            
  digitalWrite(13 , LOW); 
    delay(200);     
    digitalWrite(13, HIGH); 
  delay(100);            
  digitalWrite(13 , LOW);  
  }
void loop()
{
  
idS1 =0;
valTot = HIGH;
for (count=0;count<JmlLine;count++) {
      mySensVals[count] = digitalRead(myPins[count]);
      if (mySensVals[count] == LOW) {
        valTot = valTot && mySensVals[count];
      }
}
if (valTot == LOW){
    for (count=0;count<JmlLine;) {
        mySensVals[count] = digitalRead(myPins[count]);
        delay(10);
        if ( mySensVals[count]  == LOW){
                if (idS1 == 0){
                    count1=count+1;
                    Serial2.print(count1);
                    Serial2.println(":");
                    delay(timer2); 
                    CodeOn1();
                    a=count;
                    sprintf(str,"%d", a); // use sprintf() to compose the string str
                    idS1 =1;
                }
                while (Serial2.available()){
                    String cmds = Serial2.readStringUntil(':');
                    delay(timer2); 
                    idS1 = atoi((const char *) cmds.c_str());
                    delay(timer2); 
                    count++;
                }               
        } 
        else {
          count++;
        }

    }
    count=0;
}
  CodeOn();
if (valTot == HIGH){

  Serial2.println("50:");
  delay(500);
}

}

single DMD display

 

/*
  single DMD display
 */

#include <SPI.h>
//#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <DMD2.h>
#include <fonts/Arial_Black_16.h>
#include <fonts/Droid_Sans_12.h>
#define DISPLAYS_ACROSS 2
#define DISPLAYS_DOWN 1
const int COUNTDOWN_FROM = 12;
int counter = COUNTDOWN_FROM;
uint16_t lastPrint=100;
String state;
      boolean ret=false;
int NoQ=0;
int id;

unsigned long interval=10000; // the time we need to wait
unsigned long previousMillis=0; // millis() returns an unsigned long.

//SoftwareSerial mySerial1(2, 3); // RX, TX
SoftDMD dmd(DISPLAYS_ACROSS,DISPLAYS_DOWN);  // DMD controls the entire display
DMD_TextBox box(dmd, 0,0);  // "box" provides a text box to automatically write to/scroll the display

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:

void drawText(String dispString) 
{
     dmd.clearScreen();
     int sLength = dispString.length();
     dmd.drawString(1, 1, dispString);
}

void beepCB()
{
      digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(4, LOW);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(4, LOW);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void beeppendek()
{
      digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        delay(100);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}
void beeppanjang()
{
      digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        delay(300);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}

void DispBed(String a)
{
  String b = a+"-Bed";
//        Serial.print ("Tampil: ");
//        Serial.println (b);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(1000);
        dmd.clearScreen();

          Serial.println("0:");
          digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
          delay(200);
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);
          
    }
 void DispRBed(String a, String c)
{
  String b = a+"-B"+c;
//        Serial.print ("Tampil: ");
//        Serial.println (b);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppendek();
        delay(1000);
        dmd.clearScreen();

          Serial.println("0:");
          digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
          delay(200);
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);
          
    }   
void DispKM(String a)
{
  String b = a+"-KM";
//        Serial.print ("Tampil: ");
//        Serial.println (b);
        drawText(b);
        beeppanjang();
        delay(500);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppanjang();
        delay(500);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppanjang();
        delay(500);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beeppanjang();
        delay(1000);
        dmd.clearScreen();

          Serial.println("0:");
          digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
          delay(200);
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);
          
 }

void DispCBlue(String a)
{
  String b = a+"-C.BL";
//        Serial.print ("Tampil: ");
//        Serial.println (b);
        drawText(b);
        beepCB();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beepCB();
        delay(500);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beepCB();
        delay(900);
        dmd.clearScreen();
        delay(500);
        drawText(b);
        beepCB();
        delay(1000);
        dmd.clearScreen();                
        
          Serial.println("0:");
          digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
          delay(200);
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);

 }

 
int phase = 0;
void DotFly() {
  dmd.clearScreen();
  dmd.drawString(0, 0, F("."));
  int steps = random(64); // Each time we scroll a random distance
  for(int i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
     dmd.drawString(i, 0, F("."));
   delay(50);
  }

  // Move to the next phase
  phase = (phase + 1) % 4;
}

 
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);  
//  mySerial1.begin( 9600 ); // baud-rate of RS485

pinMode (10, OUTPUT);

  dmd.setBrightness(50);
  dmd.selectFont(Arial_Black_16);
  dmd.begin();
    dmd.clearScreen();
             drawText(" Nurse ");
 pinMode(4, OUTPUT);    // sets the digital pin 4 as output
        digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        delay(200);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
        delay( 400 );
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        delay(200);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
        delay( 400 );
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        delay(1000);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
        delay( 400 );
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
        delay(200);
        digitalWrite(10, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(4, LOW);
        delay( 400 );
        digitalWrite(10, LOW);
        delay(2000);
  dmd.clearScreen();
//Serial.println ("Sub Start");

}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
 
     byte b;
 
   while (Serial.available() > 0)
  {
 //    NoQ=1;

       String cmds = Serial.readStringUntil(':');
//     String vals = mySerial1.readStringUntil(';');
//     state=vals;
//     Serial.print ("cmds in: ");
//     Serial.println (cmds);    
        id = atoi((const char *) cmds.c_str());
//      id=id-3;
//      Serial.print ("Serial in: ");
//      Serial.println (id);
  }
     

  switch (id) {
      case 1:
          DispCBlue("101");
          break;
      case 2:
          DispBed("101");
          break;
      case 3:
          DispKM("101");
          break;
      case 4:
          DispCBlue("102");
          break;
      case 5:
          DispRBed("102","1");
          break;
      case 6:
          DispRBed("102","2");
          break;
      case 7:
          DispKM("202");
          break;
      case 8:
          DispCBlue("203");
          break;
      case 9:
          DispBed("203");
          break;
      case 10:
          DispKM("203");
          break;
      case 11:
          DispCBlue("4");
          break;
      case 12:
          DispBed("4");
          break;
      case 13:
          DispKM("4");
          break;
      case 14:
          DispCBlue("5");
          break;
      case 15:
          DispRBed("5","1");
          break;
      case 16:
          DispRBed("5","2");
          break;
      case 17:
          DispRBed("5","3");
          break;
      case 18:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 19:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 20:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 21:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 22:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 23:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 24:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 25:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 26:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 27:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 28:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 29:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 30:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 31:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 32:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 33:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 34:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 35:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 36:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 37:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 38:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 39:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 40:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 41:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 42:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 43:
          DispKM("6");
          break;
      case 50:
          dmd.selectFont(Droid_Sans_12);
          digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
          drawText(".");
          delay(500);
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);
          dmd.clearScreen();
          delay(500);
          id=0;
          dmd.selectFont(Arial_Black_16);
          break;
      default :
          digitalWrite(10,LOW);
        }

//mySerial1.flush();

}

LED with Switch and Memory Bulp

 https://www.tinkercad.com

Script

 

int buttonState = 0;
int buttonNurse = 1;
int buttonNurseOld = 1;
int PortBMem;
int PortCMem;
int PortDMem;

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin (9600);
  DDRD = B00000000;  // sets Arduino pins 0 to 7 as input, pin 0 as input
  DDRD = DDRD | B11110000;  // this is safer as it sets pins 4 to 7 as inputs
                        // without changing the value of pins 0 to 3, which are RX & TX
  DDRB = B00000000;  // sets Arduino pins 8 to 13 as input
  DDRB = DDRB | B00111111;  // this is safer as it sets pins 8 to 13 as inputs

  DDRC = B00001111;  // sets Arduino pins A0 to A4 as output
  DDRC = DDRC | B00001111;  // this is safer as it sets pins 8 to 13 as inputs

  PortBMem = 0;
  PortCMem = 0;
  PortDMem = 0;
 
  PORTC = 0;
/*
  pinMode(A0, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(A3, OUTPUT);
*/  
}

void(* resetFunc) (void) = 0; //declare reset function @ address 0

void loop()
{

    PortBMem = PINB;
 
      if (PortBMem > B00000000){
      PortCMem = PortCMem | B1;
      PORTC = PortCMem;
      delay(100);
      }
 
    PortDMem = PIND;

    if ((PortDMem & B11100000)>31){
      PortCMem = PortCMem | ((PortDMem >> 4)& B00001110);
      PORTC = PortCMem;
      delay(100);
    }
 
    buttonNurse = digitalRead(4);
 
    if (buttonNurseOld != buttonNurse){
      if (buttonNurse == LOW){
          PortCMem = 0;
          PortDMem = 0;
          PORTC = 0;
          delay(1000);
          //resetFunc();  //call reset
      }
      buttonNurseOld = buttonNurse;
  }
 
// buttonNurse = digitalRead(4);

  delay(10); // Delay a little bit to improve simulation performance
}

10 Leds Running - Combine PORTB and PORTD

  

https://www.tinkercad.com

Script

// Lampu LED Berjalan Menggunakan Arduino UNO
// Menyalakan LED dengan Aktif HIGH

int RunBitOld;
int RunBit;
byte RunBitH;
byte RunBitL;
byte RunBitB;
byte RunBitD;


void setup()
{
  Serial.begin (9600);
  DDRD = B11110000;  // sets Arduino pins 4 to 7 as outputs, pin 0 to 3 as input
  DDRD = DDRD | B11110000;  // this is safer as it sets pins 4 to 7 as outputs
                        // without changing the value of pins 0 to 3,
  DDRB = B00111111;  // sets Arduino pins 8 to 13 as outputs
  DDRB = DDRB | B00111111;  // this is safer as it sets pins 8 to 13 as outputs

  PORTD = B11110000; // sets digital pins 4 to 7 HIGH
  PORTB = B00111111; // sets digital pins 8 to 13 HIGH
  RunBit = B11111111;
  RunBitH = B00111111;
  RunBitL = B11110000;
}
 
void loop()
{
//menyala secara bergilir
 
 
  Serial.print ("RunBitH = ");
  Serial.println (RunBitH);

  Serial.print ("RunBitL = ");
  Serial.println (RunBitL);

 
  PORTB = RunBitH & B00111111;
  PORTD = RunBitL & B11110000;
  RunBit = (RunBitH * 256) + RunBitL;
  Serial.print ("RunBit = ");
  Serial.println (RunBit);

 
  RunBit = RunBit >> 1;
  Serial.print ("RunBit Geser = ");
  Serial.println (RunBit);

 
  RunBitH = (RunBit - RunBitL)/256;
  RunBitL = RunBit & B11111111;
 
  if (RunBitL == 0){
    RunBitH = B00111111;
    RunBitL = B11111111;
  }
  delay(1000);

 
}